<< To the contents of the issue

Journal	Methodology and History of Psychology	Year	2018	Issue	3	Pages	127–150
Section	W. S. Merlin's 120th Anniversary	Type	Scientific article	DOI	10.7868/S1819265318030081
Citation	Vyatkin B. A., Shchukin M. R. (2018). Istoriâ i metodologiâ issledovaniâ stilej čeloveka v škole V. S. Merlina (k 120-letiû so dnâ roždeniâ učenogo) [History and methodology of studying human styles in the theory of W. S. Merlin (to the 120th anniversary of the birth of the scientist)] // Metodologiâ i istoriâ psihologii. Iss. 3. P. 127–150.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the history of the creation and development of the doctrine of an individual style of activity developed by W. S. Merlin and his disciples. In the development of ideas about human styles in the scientific school of W. S. Merlin, several lines characterize the transition from one research stage to another: 1) from the study of a style in connection with the basic properties of the nervous system to its study in connection with the different levels of integral individuality; 2) from the characteristics of a style in a narrow plan that reflects the procedural and operational characteristics of activity, behavior, etc., to the characterization of its structure on a broader scale, which includes features in the productive side of a style, to the system of its internal conditions and the reflection by a subject of external conditions of vital activity; 3) from the study of a style at the level of its sufficient formation to the study of different levels of its development, 4) from the characteristics of a style as a system to its polysystem characteristic, 5) from the allocation of adaptive and compensatory functions of a style to the isolation of new functions: system-forming, integrative, developing, etc., 6) from predominantly adaptive schemes to the consideration of the interaction of a style with the world to schemes that reflect the activity of a subject in this interaction, that associated with the application of a subjective approach to the study of a style, 7) from the learning styles of different activities to the study of the styles of other aspects of human life: activity, behavior, self-organization, etc. This indicates the fairly well-formed theory of a style, which acts as one of the leading, along with the theory of an integral individuality and a subject. These theories provide a holistic knowledge of man in Russian psychology.

Keywords: style; vital activity; activity; behavior; traits; integral individuality; procedural side of style; productive side of a style; internal conditions; external conditions; style functions; style development; system; polysystem; integration

• Dorfman L. Â. (1993). Metaindividual'nyj mir: metodologičeskie i teoretičeskie problemy. M.: Smysl.
• Individual'nost' rastuŝego čeloveka v usloviâh sovremennoj školy (2015) / pod red. B. A. Vâtkina. Perm': PNIPU.
• Ismagilova A. G. (2003). Psihologiâ stilâ pedagogičeskogo obŝeniâ: polisistemnoe issledovanie. Perm': Perm. gos. ped. un-t.
• Klimov E. A. (1969). Individual'nyj stil' deâtel'nosti v zavisimosti ot tipologičeskih svojstv nervnoj sistemy. Kazan': Izd-vo Kazanskogo gos. un-ta.
• Merlin V. S. (1970). Problemy èksperimental'noj psihologii ličnosti (glavy iz monografii) // V. S. Merlin. Problemy èksperimental'noj psihologii ličnosti. Sb. nauč. tr. Perm': PGPU. S. 7–212.
• Merlin V. S. (1977). Ob integral'nom issledovanii individual'nosti // Problemy integral'nogo issledovaniâ individual'nosti / red. V. S. Merlin. Perm': B. i. S. 7–23.
• Merlin V. S. (1986). Očerk integral'nogo issledovaniâ individual'nosti. M.: Pedagogika.
• Polisistemnoe issledovanie individual'nosti čeloveka (2005) / pod red. B. A. Vâtkina. M.: PER SÈ.
• Psihologiâ integral'noj individual'nosti: Permskaâ škola (2011) / sost. B. A. Vâtkin, L. Â. Dorfman, M. R. Ŝukin. M.: Smysl.
• Psihologiâ stilej čeloveka: hrestomatiâ (2013) / sost. B. A. Vâtkin, M. R. Ŝukin. Perm': Knižnyj mir.
• Sosnina D. N. (2011). Osobennosti ispolnitel'skoj deâtel'nosti artista baleta v usloviâh sceničeskogo stressa // Vestnik Akademii russkogo baleta im. A. Â. Vaganovoj. 2011. № 1 (25). S. 28–70.
• Ŝukin M. R. (1990). Psihologičeskie osnovy individual'nogo podhoda k učaŝimsâ v processe proizvodstvennogo obučeniâ. M.: Vysšaâ škola.
• Ŝukin M. R. (1995). Individual'nyj stil' i integral'naâ individual'nost': problemy i podhody // Psihologičeskij žurnal. 1995. T. 16. № 2. S. 103–113.
• Ŝukin M. R. (2005). O funkciâh stilej deâtel'nosti, aktivnosti i obŝeniâ // XX Merlinskie čteniâ "V. S. Merlin i sistemnoe issledovanie individual'nosti čeloveka": Materialy mežregional'noj ûbilejnoj naučno-praktičeskoj konferencii. Č. I. Perm': Perm. gos. ped. un-t. S. 208–213.
• Tipologičeskie issledovaniâ po psihologii ličnosti i po psihologii truda (1964) / otv. red. V. S. Merlin. Perm': Perm. gos. ped. in-t.
• Vâtkin B. A. (2007). Lekcii po psihologii integral'noj individual'nosti čeloveka. M.: Izd-vo MPSI; Voronež: Izd-vo NPO "MODEK".
• Vâtkin B. A., Kovtun E. V. (2013). Stil' deâtel'nosti v èkstremal'nyh usloviâh kak èmerdžentnoe svojstvo integral'noj individual'nosti rukovoditelej tušeniâ požarov // Psihopedagogika v pravoohranitel'nyh organah. № 1 (52). S. 3–7.
• Vâtkin B. A., Popova V. V. (2012). Stil' sovladaniâ psihičeskim stressom v sportivnyh sorevnovaniâh // Materialy VIII Meždunarodnoj naučno-praktičeskoj konferencii "Rudikovskie čteniâ". M.: RGUFKSMiT. S. 128–130.
• Vâtkin B. A., Sambikina O. S. (2016). Individual'nost' i stil' učeniâ rastuŝego čeloveka. Perm': Permskij gosudarstvennyj gumanitarno-pedagogičeskij universitet.
• Vâtkin B. A., Ŝukin M. R. (2007). Čelovek–Stil'–Socium: polisistemnoe vzaimodejstvie v obrazovatel'nom prostranstve. Perm': Perm. gos. ped. un-t.
• Vâtkin B. A., Ŝukin M. R. (2013). Psihologiâ stilej čeloveka: učebnoe posobie. Perm': Knižnyj mir.
• Vâtkin B. A., Ŝukin M. R. (2016a). O triedinstve teorij i podhodov k celostnomu poznaniû čeloveka v sovremennoj psihologii // Pedagogika, Psihologiâ, Obŝestvo – 2016: Sbornik statej 1-j sessii meždunar. naučn. konf. (Rossiâ, Moskva, 29–30 marta 2016 g.). M.: RusAl'âns Sova. S. 102–115.
• Vâtkin B. A., Ŝukin M. R. (2016b). Stil' kak subʺektnaâ harakteristika individual'nosti čeloveka // Psihologiâ razvitiâ čeloveka kak subʺekta truda: Razvitie tvorčeskogo naslediâ E. A. Klimova. Materialy meždunarodnoj naučno-praktičeskoj konferencii. M., 12–15 oktâbrâ 2016 g. S. 638–640.