<< To the contents of the issue

Journal	Methodology and History of Psychology	Year	2018	Issue	2	Pages	73–88
Section	History of Russian Psychology	Type	Scientific article	DOI	10.7868/S181926531802005X
Citation	Artemeva O. A. (2018). Naučnye i ideologičeskie diskussii v formirovanii metodologičeskogo edinstva sovetskoj psihologii [Scientific and ideological discussions in formation of methodological unity of Soviet psychology] // Metodologiâ i istoriâ psihologii. Iss. 2. P. 73–88.

The article is devoted to the problem of formation of Soviet psychology's methodological unity. Much attention is given to a role of scientific discussions. Results of the analysis of science studies and philosophical works were analyzed. It is shown that discussion is universal characteristic of collective scientific activity. On the basis of historiographical materials of Soviet psychology history, reasons, course and results of scientific and ideological discussions of the 1920–1950s about a subject‑matter, methods and the place of psychology in the system of scientific knowledge are represented. The dynamics of historiographical representations of Soviet and Post‑Soviet researchers E. A. Budilova, A. A. Smirnov, A. V. Petrovsky, M. G. Yaroshevsky, V. A. Koltsova, S. A. Bogdanchikov, etc. is examined. The concepts of scientific and ideological discussions are distinguished. The ideological discussions ambivalent nature influence on Soviet psychology's development is described. The conclusion about value of the polemic experience accumulated by the Soviet scientists during the discussions of the 1920–1930s for a constructive outcome of discussions in connection with the Pavlov's session in 1950 is drawn. The methodological unity of scientists is considered as the result of scientific and ideological discussions of the 1920–1950s. It was based on common understanding of the purposes, the subject‑matter and the methods of Soviet Marxist psychology. It is shown that discussions caused not only progress of scientific knowledge, but also preservation of certain steady methodological characteristics of psychology in the USSR.

Keywords: scientific discussions; ideological discussions; history of psychology; Soviet psychology

• Artemeva O. A. (2015). Social'no‑psihologičeskaâ determinaciâ rossijskoj psihologii v pervoj polovine XX stoletiâ [Socio‑psychological Determination of Russian Psychology in the First Half of the XX Century]. Moscow: IP RAN.
• Bogdanchikov S. A. (2000). Proishoždenie marksistskoj psihologii. Diskussiâ meždu K. N. Kornilovym i G. I. Čelpanovym v otečestvennoj psihologii 20‑h godov [The Origin of Marxist Psychology. Discussion Between K. N. Kornilov and G. I. Chelpanov in the Russian Psychology of the 1920s]. Saratov: SÛI MVD Rossii.
• Budilova E. A. (1972). Filosofskie problemy v sovetskoj psihologii [Philosophical Problems in Soviet Psychology]. Moscow: Nauka.
• Bykov K. M. (1953). Razvitie idej I. P. Pavlova (zadači i perspektivy) [Development of I. P. Pavlov's ideas (tasks and prospects)] // Bykov K. M. Izbrannye proizvedeniâ. Vol. 1. Moscow: Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo medicinskoj literatury. P. 316–364.
• Chesnova L. V. (1986). Tri ètapa vydaûŝejsâ meždisciplinarnoj diskussii [Three phases of outstanding interdisciplinary discussion] // Rol' diskussij v razvitii estestvoznaniâ / Ed. by M. G. Yaroshevsky. Moscow: Nauka. P. 191–205.
• Feyerabend P. (1986). Izbrannye trudy po metodologii nauki [Selected Works on the Methodology of Science]. Moscow: Progress.
• Graham L. R. (1991). Estestvoznanie, filosofiâ i nauki o čelovečeskom povedenii v Sovetskom Soûze [Science, Philosophy, and Human Behavior in the Soviet Union]. Moscow: Politizdat.
• Kedrov B. M. (1986). Obʺektivnaâ osnova naučnyh diskussij [Objective basis of scientific discussions] // Rol' diskussij v razvitii estestvoznaniâ / Ed. by M. G. Yaroshevsky. Moscow: Nauka. P. 39–52.
• Koltsova V. A. (2001). Naučnye diskussii kak edinica analiza v istoriko‑psihologičeskom issledovanii [Scientific discussions as a unit of analysis in a study on the history of psychology] // Istoriâ psihologii i istoričeskaâ psihologiâ: sostoânie i perspektivy razvitiâ (III Moskovskie vstreči po istorii psihologii) / Ed. by V. A. Koltsova, Yu. N. Oleynik, O. E. Serova. Moscow: Socium. P. 11–13.
• Kuhn T. (2001). Struktura naučnyh revolûcij [The Structure of Scientific Revolutions]. Moscow: AST.
• Kuznetsov V. I. (1986). Naučnye diskussii v himii na stranicah žurnalov [Scientific discussions in chemistry in journal publications] // Rol' diskussij v razvitii estestvoznaniâ / Ed. by M. G. Yaroshevsky. Moscow: Nauka. P. 161–181.
• Lakatos I. (2003). Metodologiâ issledovatel'skih programm [The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes]. Moscow: AST; Ermak.
• Makeeva V. N. (1969). K voprosu o koordinacii i planirovanii naučno‑issledovatel'skoj raboty v pervye gody sovetskoj vlasti (1917–1925 gg.) [On the issue of coordination and planning of researchе work in the early years of Soviet government (1917–1925)] // Problemy deâtel'nosti učenyh i naučnyh kollektivov. Iss. 2. Leningrad: IIET. P. 62–69.
• Mikulinsky S. R. (1986). Naučnaâ diskussiâ i razvitie nauki [Scientific discussion and the development of science] // Rol' diskussij v razvitii estestvoznaniâ / Ed. by M. G. Yaroshevsky. Moscow: Nauka. P. 3–7.
• Pavlova G. E. (1969). Iz istorii organizacii naučno‑issledovatel'skih institutov Narkomprosa v pervye gody sovetskoj vlasti (1918–1925 gg.) [From the history of the organization of research institutes of the People's Commissariat of Education in the first years of Soviet government (1918–1925)] // Problemy deâtel'nosti učenyh i naučnyh kollektivov. Iss. 2. Leningrad: IIET. P. 56–61.
• Petrovskiy A. V. (1984). Voprosy istorii i teorii psihologii: Izbr. trudy [Issues of History and Theory of Psychology: Selected Works]. Moscow: Pedagogika.
• Popper K. (1983). Logika i rost naučnogo znaniâ. Izbr. raboty [Logic and Growth of Scientific Knowledge: Selected Works]. Moscow: Progress.
• Psihologičeskaâ nauka v Rossii XX stoletiâ: problemy teorii i istorii [Psychological Science in Russia of the 20th Century: Problems of Theory and History] (1997) / Ed. by A. V. Brushlinsky. Moscow: IP RAN.
• Smirnov A. A. (1975). Razvitie i sovremennoe sostoânie psihologičeskoj nauki v SSSR [The Development and Current State of Psychological Science in the USSR]. Moscow: Pedagogika.
• Umrikhin V. V. (1991). "Načalo konca" povedenčeskoj psihologii v SSSR ["The beginning of the end" of behavioral psychology in the USSR] // Repressirovannaâ nauka / Ed. by M. G. Yaroshevsky. Leningrad: Nauka. P. 136–145.
• Vizgin V. P. (1986). Rol' naučnoj diskussii v formirovanii teorii (na primere diskussii o teorii gravitacii, 1912–1913 gg.) [The role of scientific discussion in the formation of the theory (by the example of the discussion on the theory of gravity, 1912–1913)] // Rol' diskussij v razvitii estestvoznaniâ / Ed. by M. G. Yaroshevsky. Moscow: Nauka. P. 102–120.
• Yaroshevsky M. G. (1968). Ivan Mihajlovič Sečenov. 1829–1905 [Ivan Mikhailovich Sechenov. 1829–1905]. Leningrad: Nauka.
• Yaroshevsky M. G. (1983). Opponentnyj krug i naučnoe otkrytie [Opponent circle and scientific discovery] // Voprosy filosofii. N 10. P. 49–62.
• Yaroshevsky M. G. (1986). Funkciâ diskussii v predmetno‑logičeskom razvitii nauki [The function of the discussion in the subject‑logical development of science] // Rol' diskussij v razvitii estestvoznaniâ / Ed. by M. G. Yaroshevsky. Moscow: Nauka. P. 8–39.
• Yaroshevsky M. G. (1991). Stalinizm i sud'by sovetskoj nauki [Stalinism and the fate of Soviet science] // Repressirovannaâ nauka / Ed. by M. G. Yaroshevsky. Leningrad: Nauka. P. 9–33.
• Yaroshevsky M. G. (1994). Kak predali Ivana Pavlova [How Ivan Pavlov was betrayed] // Repressirovannaâ nauka. Iss. II / Ed. by M. G. Yaroshevsky, A. I. Melua. Saint Petersburg: Nauka. P. 76–82.
• Yasnitsky A. (2010). Ob izolâcionizme sovetskoj psihologii: zarubežnye konferencii 1920–1930‑h gg. [Regarding the isolationism of Soviet psychology: International conferences in the 1920–1930s] // Voprosy psihologii. N 3. P. 101–112.