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Journal	Methodology and History of Psychology	Year	2018	Issue	3	Pages	28–46
Section	Methodological Problems of Psychology	Type	Scientific article	DOI	10.7868/S1819265318030020
Citation	Reshetnikov M. M. (2018). Metodologičeskie predposylki i osnovaniâ nematerial'noj teorii psihiki [Methodological background and foundations of the non‑material theory of the psyche] // Metodologiâ i istoriâ psihologii. Iss. 3. P. 28–46.

The problem of the psyche and consciousness has been the most mysterious one for two thousand years and is still unresolved. It has been almost forgotten that Aristotle considered the human psyche a structure that is not bound to a body. This idea did not persist, though. It was Hippocrates who ruined it and declared a different concept, which prevailed for many centuries, that the brain is a repository of all mental processes. Even such a genius as Rene Descartes took Hippocrates's idea for granted and spent many months in attempts to find memory and emotions in gyri and ventricles of the brain. This path – the search of material structures of the psyche – was followed by I. M. Sechenov, I. P. Pavlov and many others. Later, many other mistaken ideas, new and revolutionary ones, were born, declared and died prematurely. However, not only ideas died, but also patients, who were treated by methods developed on the basis of these hypotheses. The author formulates the idea of the brain as the biological interface and proves a non-material theory of the psyche, which is a discovery that requires a change in basic paradigms of human sciences.

Keywords: biological interface; information; brain; nerves; psyche; psychopathology; psychopharmacology; brain structures; psyche structures

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